Ganglion Cyst Knee
A Ganglion Cyst is a bump or mass that forms under the skin. Most commonly,
ganglions are seen on the wrist (usually the back side) and fingers, but they can also
develop on the shoulder, elbow, and knee. These form when
tissues surrounding certain joints become inflamed and swell up with lubricating fluid.
They can increase in size when the tissue is irritated and often can "disappear"
spontaneously. These masses or cysts appear to grow sometimes but they are not tumours or
cancerous. The largest ganglions form behind the back of the knee, causing a
sense of fullness or tightness. A ganglion here is referred to as a Baker
cyst, after the doctor who originally described the condition.
Description of Ganglion Cyst Knee
A ganglion is a non-cancerous cyst filled with a thick, jelly-like fluid. Ganglions can
develop on or beneath the surface of the skin and usually occur between the ages of 20 and
40.
Causes & symptoms of Ganglion Cyst Knee
Mild sprains or other repeated injuries can irritate and tear the thin membrane
covering a tendon, causing fluid to leak into a sac that swells and forms a ganglion.
Ganglions are usually painless, but range of motion may be impaired. Flexing or bending
the affected area can cause discomfort, as can continuing to perform the activity that
caused the condition.
Cysts on the surface of the skin usually develop slowly but may result from injury or
severe strain. An internal ganglion can cause soreness or a dull, aching sensation, but
the mass cannot always be felt. Symptoms sometimes become evident only when the cyst
causes pressure on a nerve or outgrows the membrane surrounding it.
Diagnosis of Ganglion Cyst Knee
Diagnosis is usually made through physical examination as well as such imaging studies
as x ray, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fluid may be withdrawn from
the cyst and evaluated.
Treatment of Ganglion Cyst Knee
Some ganglions disappear without treatment, and some reappear despite treatment.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) or other over-the-counter analgesics can be used to control
mild pain. Steroids or local anesthetics may be injected into cysts that cause severe pain
or other troublesome symptoms. Surgery performed in a hospital operating room or an
outpatient facility, is the only treatment guaranteed to remove a ganglion. The condition
can recur if the entire cyst is not removed.
A doctor should be notified if the surgical site drains, bleeds, or becomes
The patient may bathe or shower as usual, but should keep the surgical site dry and
covered with a bandage for two or three days after the operation. Patients may resume
normal activities as soon as they feel comfortable doing so.
- Inflamed
- Painful
- Swollen or if the patient feels ill or develops:
- Head or muscle aches
- Dizziness
- Fever following surgery.
Prognosis of Ganglion Cyst Knee
Possible complications include excessive post-operative bleeding and infection of the
surgical site. Calcification, or hardening, of the ganglion is rare.
Prevention of Ganglion Cyst Knee
Exercises that increase muscle strength and flexibility can prevent ganglions. Warming
and cooling down before and after workouts may also decrease the rate of developing
ganglions.
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