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Fungal Arthritis
An inflammation of a joint caused by a fungal infection.
Causes of Fungal Arthritis
Fungal or mycotic arthritis is a very rare condition and may be
caused by any of the invasive fungi, including coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis,
blastomycosis, cryptococcosis, candidiasis, and sporotrichosis. These organisms may affect
bone or joint tissue. One or more joints may be affected.
The large weight-bearing joints, especially the knee, are most commonly affected. The
infection usually occurs as a result of an infection in another organ, frequently the
lungs, and tends to progress very slowly.
Symptoms of Fungal Arthritis
- joint swelling
- joint stiffness
- joint pain
- arthritis
- ankle, feet, and leg swelling
Signs and tests of Fungal Arthritis
A culture of joint fluid that grows fungus
- A joint X-ray showing joint changes
- A synovial biopsy showing fungus
- Positive antibody test (serology) for fungal disease
- Skin tests
Treatment of Fungal Arthritis
The objective of treatment is to cure the infection with
anti-fungal medication. Amphotericin B or medications in the azole family (fluconazole,
ketoconazole, or itraconazole) are frequently used anti-fungal medications.
Chronic or advanced bone or joint infection may require surgical removal (debridement) of
infected tissue.
Complications of Fungal Arthritis
Joint damage can occur if the infection is not treated.
Prevention of Fungal Arthritis
Thorough treatment of fungal infections elsewhere may help
prevent fungal arthritis.
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